Publications

Selected research outputs from the AI Smart Heroes team on AI in education, gamified learning, game development and digital literacy

2026

  • Zainuddin, Z., Churiyah, M., Xiaoyu, W., & Halili, S. H. (2026). From AI literacy to cognitive AI safety: rethinking safe AI use in education. Interactive Technology and Smart Education, 1-22.

    View publication
  • Zainuddin, Z., Perera, C. J., Churiyah, M., & Xiaoyu, W. (2026). Students' academic-integrity anxiety in the GenAI ethical grey zone. Cogent Education, 13(1), 2725997.

    View publication
  • Zhang, Y., Halili, S. H., & Zainuddin, Z. (2026). Enhancing novelty and usefulness: evaluating the effects of the GenAIR PBL module on creativity in preschoolers. Learning Futures and Emerging Technologies, 34(2), 203-219.

    View publication
  • Zhang, Y., Halili, S. H. B., & Zainuddin, Z. (2026). Generative AI in Preschool Education: A Systematic Review with SWOT Analysis. Contemporary Educational Technology, 18(1).

    View publication
  • Wang, T. (2026). AI literacy and the future of education. In Academic Learning vs Everyday Learning?: How do 21st Century Learning Trends Break Down the Dichotomy? (pp. 138-153). Routledge, Taylor & Francis.

  • Tipple, C., Keane, T., Wang, T., & Cerovac, M. (2026). Correction to: Teachers' perceptions of generative AI in gender-inclusive STEM education: a grounded theory study. Education and Information Technologies.

  • Garcia, M. B., Metwally, A. H. S., Wang, T., Ofosu-Ampong, K., Alasgarova, R., Nerantzi, C., ... & Bozkurt, A. (2026). Psychological and developmental repercussions of pervasive AI usage in schools: A review of educational benefits and challenges. Responsible AI Integration in Education, 87-118.

  • Gordon, J., Wang, T., & Salt, C. (2026, July). Teacher Professional Formation in the Age of AI. In 2026 International Conference on Open and Innovative Education.

  • Tipple, C., Keane, T., Wang, T., & Cerovac, M. (2026). Teachers' perceptions of generative AI in gender-inclusive STEM education: a grounded theory study. Education and Information Technologies, 31(8), 2399-2434.

  • Bower, M., Falloon, G., Lee, J., & Wang, T. (2026). The critical need for creative technologies education. In Creative technologies education: students as digital designers (pp. 1-11). Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group.

  • Cameron, L., Bower, M., Lee, J., Maher, D., Mason, J., Tanti, M., & Wang, T. (2026). The Possibilities and Challenges of Generative Artificial Intelligence for Initial Teacher Education in Australia. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 51(2), 1.

  • Diao, J., Tang, X., Wang, T., Ding, X., & Chen, L. (2026). Understanding digital learning resource adoption in vocational education: the roles of value perception and learning preferences. Education and Information Technologies, 31(6), 1645-1685.

2025

  • Mat Yusoff, S., Mohamad Marzaini, A. F., Hao, L., Zainuddin, Z., & Basal, M. H. (2025). Understanding the role of AI in Malaysian higher education curricula: an analysis of student perceptions. Discover Computing, 28(1), 62.

    View publication
  • Xiaoyu, W., Zainuddin, Z., Leng, C. H., Wenting, D., & Li, X. (2025). Evaluating the efficacy of ChatGPT in environmental education: findings from heuristic and usability assessments. On the Horizon: The International Journal of Learning Futures, 33(2), 165-185.

    View publication
  • Samala, A. D., Rawas, S., Zainuddin, Z., Howard, N. J., & Shilina, S. (2025). The role of non-fungible tokens in education: A comprehensive review and future directions. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 12, 101834.

    View publication
  • Na, J., Zainuddin, Z., & Jacqueline Perera, C. (2025). Utilising simulations-based gamified quizzes for environmental science in disaster-affected schools. Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 1-22.

    View publication
  • Widhanarto, G. P., Zainuddin, Z., Prihatin, T., Sunawan, S., Mukminin, A., Kusumawardani, S., & Mulawarman, M. (2025). Beyond slides: the impact of gamified Web presentations on student cognitive load. Information and Learning Sciences, 126(5/6), 425-444.

    View publication
  • Xiaoyu, W., Zainuddin, Z., & Hai Leng, C. (2025). Generative artificial intelligence in pedagogical practices: a systematic review of empirical studies (2022-2024). Cogent Education, 12(1), 2485499.

    View publication
  • Wang, T., Salt, C., Gordon, J., & Zainuddin, Z. (2025, December). Against the Stream: Understanding Student-Teachers' Resistance to AI Integration in Pre-Placement Training. In 2025 IEEE International Conference on Teaching, Assessment, and Learning for Engineering (TALE) (pp. 1-4). IEEE.

  • Wang, T., Salt, C., Gordon, J., & Zainuddin, Z. (2025, December). From One-Size-Fits-All to Every Learner: Leveraging AI for Inclusive and Adaptive Lesson Planning. In 2025 IEEE International Conference on Teaching, Assessment, and Learning for Engineering (TALE) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

  • Zainuddin, Z., Wang, T., Gordon, J., & Chu, S. K. W. (2025, September). Preparing pre-service teachers readiness for PISA 2029 media and AI literacy through UNESCO's AI competency framework for teachers. In 2025 International Conference on Education Technology and Computers (ICETC) (pp. 787-792). IEEE.

  • Keane, T., Cerovac, M., & Wang, T. (2025, March). Generative AI and the future of digital literacy: Opportunities for gender inclusion. In Society for information technology & teacher education international conference (pp. 728-735). Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE).

  • Samala, A. D., Rawas, S., Wang, T., Reed, J. M., Kim, J., Howard, N. J., & Ertz, M. (2025). Unveiling the landscape of generative artificial intelligence in education: a comprehensive taxonomy of applications, challenges, and future prospects. Education and Information Technologies, 30(3), 3239-3278.

2024

  • Zainuddin, Z., Chu, S. K. W., & Othman, J. (2024). The evaluation of gamification implementation for adult learners: A scale development study based on andragogical principles. Education and Information Technologies, 29(14), 18591-18620.

    View publication
  • Zainuddin, Z. (2024). Integrating ease of use and affordable gamification-based instruction into a remote learning environment. Asia Pacific Education Review, 25(5), 1261-1272.

    View publication
  • Zainuddin, Z., Chu, S.K.W., & Perera, C.J. (2024). Gamification in a flipped classroom: Pedagogical Methods and Best Practices. Springer.

    View publication
  • Wang, T. (2024). Using lesson study as a strategy to build in-service teacher's capacity of K-12 AI education in Hong Kong. In Implementing a 21st Century Competency-Based Curriculum Through Lesson Study: Teacher Learning About Cross-Curricular and Online Pedagogy (pp. 202-219). Routledge, Taylor & Francis.

2023

  • Guo, K., Zhong, Y., Zainuddin, Z., & Chu, S. K. W. (2023). Applying game-related methods in the writing classroom: A scoping review. Education and Information Technologies, 1-24.

    View publication
  • Na, J., Perera, C. J., & Zainuddin, Z. (2023). Home-campus nexus: The shift to homebased smart e-learning. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 39(1), 125-142.

    View publication
  • Qiao, S., Yeung, S. S. S., Zainuddin, Z., Ng, D. T. K., & Chu, S. K. W. (2023). Examining the effects of mixed and non-digital gamification on students' learning performance, cognitive engagement, and course satisfaction. British Journal of Educational Technology, 54(1), 394-413.

    View publication
  • Haruna, H., Zainuddin, Z., Okoye, K., Mellecker, R. R., Hu, X., Chu, S. K. W., & Hosseini, S. (2023). Improving instruction and sexual health literacy with serious games and gamification interventions: an outlook to students' learning outcomes and gender differences. Interactive Learning Environments, 31(4), 2392-2410.

    View publication
  • Cheng, E. C., & Wang, T. (2023, April). Exploring pedagogies & strategies for integrating adaptive learning platforms: A case study of a high school in Hong Kong. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Education and Training Technologies (pp. 1-9).

  • Cheng, E. C. K., & Wang, T. (2023). Leading digital transformation and eliminating barriers for teachers to incorporate artificial intelligence in basic education in Hong Kong. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 5, 100171.

  • Wang, T. (2023, August). Navigating generative AI (ChatGPT) in higher education: Opportunities and challenges. In International Conference on Smart Learning Environments (pp. 215-225). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.

2022

  • Zainuddin, Z., Farida, R., Keumala, C. M., Kurniawan, R., & Iskandar, H. (2022). Synchronous online flip learning with formative gamification quiz: instruction during COVID-19. Interactive Technology and Smart Education, 19(2), 236-259.

    View publication

2021

  • Haruna, H., Okoye, K., Zainuddin, Z., Hu, X., Chu, S., & Hosseini, S. (2021). Gamifying sexual education for adolescents in a low-tech setting: quasi-experimental design study. JMIR serious games, 9(4), e19614.

    View publication
  • Wang, T., & Cheng, E. C. (2021, July). Towards a tripartite research agenda: A scoping review of artificial intelligence in education research. In International conference on artificial intelligence in education technology (pp. 3-24). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.

  • Wang, T., & Cheng, E. C. K. (2021). An investigation of barriers to Hong Kong K-12 schools incorporating Artificial Intelligence in education. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 2, 100031.

2020

  • Zainuddin, Z., Shujahat, M., Haruna, H., & Chu, S.K.W. (2020). The Role of Gamified E-Quizzes on Student Learning and Engagement: An Interactive Gamification Solution for a Formative Assessment System. Computers & Education, 145, 103729.

    View publication
  • Zainuddin, Z., Chu, S. K. W., Shujahat, M., & Perera, C. J. (2020). The impact of gamification on learning and instruction: A systematic review of empirical evidence. Educational Research Review, 100326.

    View publication
  • Wang, T., & CHENG, C. K. E. (2020, November). Thinking aloud and progressing together: Cultivating communities of practice for supporting Hong Kong K-12 schools in embracing artificial intelligence. In The International Conference on Education and Artificial Intelligence 2020 (ICEAI 2020).

2018

  • Zainuddin, Z. (2018). Students learning performance and perceived motivation in gamified flipped-class instruction. Computers & Education, 126, 75-88.

    View publication